Chapter 20 Module 4

From 1914-1918 there was a Great War called the World War or World War 1 which started at the beginning of the twentieth century, changing the course of history.  The war was followed by the economic meltdown of the Great Depression, by the rise of Nazi Germany and the horror of the holocaust. During the three decades, Western Europe for more than a century the dominant and dominating center of the modern "world system" far beyond Europe itself. The Great Powers of Europe completed intensely for colonies, spheres of influence, and superiority in armaments. School, mass media, and military service had convinced millions of ordinary Europeans that their national identities were profoundly and personally meaningful.  All of the Great Powers had substantial standing armies, except for Britain, which relied on conscription. The aftermath of the war brought substantial social and cultural changes to Ordinary Europeans and Americans. The war also transformed international political life. The Treaty of Versailles, which formally concluded the war in 1919, proved in retrospect to have established conditions that contributed to a second World War, twenty years later. Between 1919 and 1945, a new political ideology, known as Fascism, Found Expression across much of Europe. Fascism was intensely nationalistic, seeking to revitalize and purify the Nation and to mobilize its people for some grand task. Fascists also bitterly condemned individualism, liberalism, feminism, parliamentary democracy, and communism, all of which, they argued, divided and weakened the nation. Small fascist movements appeared in many Western European countries, including France, Great Britain, and the Netherlands, but they had little political impact.
Fascism is a form of far-right, authoritarian ultranationalism characterized by dictatorial power, forcible suppression of opposition, and strong regimentation of society and of the economy which came to prominence in early 20th-century Europe. Common themes among fascist movements include; nationalism (including racial nationalism), hierarchy and elitism, militarism, quasi-religion, masculinity, and voluntarism. Fascism arose in Europe after World War I when many people yearned for national unity and strong leadership. In Italy, Benito Mussolini used his charisma to establish a powerful fascist state. Benito Mussolini coined the term “fascism” in 1919 to describe his political movement. In my opinion, Fascism isn’t that popular like before. However, there are countries that use Fascism. The countries that use Fascism are Lebanon and Poland. However, even though countries are still using Fascism, the movement is pretty much dead because nobody really talks about that movement at all.

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